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Tigers are rapidly decreasing in the world. In the last millenium, three sub-species of tigers already lost their existence while five other species are endangered. The first lot of the three sub-species comprised of panthera tigris virgata, panthera tigris balica and panthera tigris sondica. The endangered species are Bengal Tiger(Panthera tigris tigris), Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris attaica), Chinese Tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis), Indonesian Tiger(Panthera tigris sumatrae) and Indo-Chinese Tiger(Panthera tigris corbetti).
To save these tigers, a movement called Save Tiger has been working since 1972. Total number of tigers in India in 1972 was 1800 which has since then increased to 3500-4000. Efforts of the Government, NGOs and the people have brought about this change. The Wildlife Conservation Act was passed in 1972. But incidents of poaching is still heard.
We have sixteen project tiger field areas in our country. They are Corbet National Park, Kanha National Park, Indravati National Park, Sarinka National Park, Melghat Sanctuary, Palamou Tiger Reserve, North Simlipal National Park, Buxa Sanctuary, Sunderbans National Park, Manas Sanctuary, Namdapha National Park, Nagarjun Sagar Shvishailam Sanctuary, Bandipur National Park.
Breeding of tigers are done very carefully in many zoological gardens. Recently a cub was born in the calcutta zoo. These newborns are genetically different due to genetic recombination. This feature is known as genetic variation. It is an important component for a living being to adopt itself in the nature. This genetic variations help them to fight against any odds.
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